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آزمودن ورودیهای جدید برای برآورد هدایت هیدرولیکی نزدیک اشباع خاک | ||
تحقیقات کاربردی خاک | ||
مقاله 5، دوره 7، شماره 1، خرداد 1398، صفحه 54-69 اصل مقاله (1.04 M) | ||
نوع مقاله: مقاله پژوهشی | ||
نویسندگان | ||
پیمان شاکر شهماربیگلو1؛ حبیب خداوردیلو* 2؛ حمیدرضا ممتاز3 | ||
1دانش آموخته کارشناسی ارشد علوم خاک، دانشکده کشاورزی، انشگاه ارومیه | ||
2دانشگاه ارومیه | ||
3عضو هیئت علمی دانشگاه ارومیه | ||
چکیده | ||
هدایت هیدرولیکی نزدیک اشباع (Ks) خاک از ویژگیهای کلیدی برای اهداف مختلف از جمله شبیهسازی فرایندهای هیدرولوژیکی، تعیین تابع هدایت هیدرولیکی غیراشباع خاک و مدلسازی جریان آب و انتقال املاح است. چون Ks یک ویژگی وابسته به ساختمان خاک است، برای به حداقل رساندن دستخوردگی حجم خاک نمونهبرداری شده معمولا از روشهای اندازه-گیری صحرایی استفاده میشود. به دلیل تغییرپذیری بالای مکانی- زمانی Ks، اندازهگیریهای (تکرار) زیادی لازم است؛ بنابراین روش مورد استفاده، همانند روش بار افتان سادهسازی شده (SFH)، بایستی به اندازه کافی سریع و ساده باشد. همچنین میتوان از توابع انتقالی خاک (PTFs) برای برآورد غیرمستقیم Ks از طریق دیگر ویژگیهای خاک بهره برد. هدف از این پژوهش، آزمودن ورودیهای جدید برای برآورد Ks خاک در خاکهای متأثر از نمک حاشیه دریاچه ارومیه بود. از استوانهای با قطر 32 سانتیمتر برای اندازهگیری Ks با روش SFH در خاکهایی با سطوح مختلف شوری (هدایت الکتریکی عصاره اشباع، dS/m 95-1/0ECe = ) سدیم (درصد سدیم تبادلی، %80-4ESP = ) استفاده شد. در کل 190 نمونه با روش SFH اندازهگیری شد و از همسایگی نزدیک هر نقطه، تعدادی نمونه خاک دستنخورده (با استوانهای به قطر 5 سانتیمتر و ارتفاع 5 سانتیمتر) و دستخورده به صورت تصادفی از خاک سطحی جمعآوری و ویژگیهای فیزیکی و شیمیایی آنها تعیین شدند. خاکهای مورد مطالعه عمدتاً دارای Ks متوسط (تقریباً 40 درصد از خاکها) تا نسبتاً تند (تقریباً 48 درصد) بودند. تجزیه همبستگی و رگرسیون گامبهگام نشان داد که Ks با جرم ویژه ظاهری (b) (205/0- r =)، شاخص سلهبندی (Ic) (180/0- r =) و درجه تراکم خاک (SDC) (206/0- r =) همبستگی منفی (01/0P≤) و با شاخص پایداری ساختمان خاک (SSI) (184/0r =) و میانگین هندسی قطر خاکدانهها (GMD) (157/0r =) همبستگی مثبت (05/0P≤) داشت. افزون بر این، Ks با ECe و ESP خاک ارتباطی منفی داشت. | ||
کلیدواژهها | ||
بار افتان سادهسازی شده؛ تغییرپذیری مکانی؛ توابع انتقالی خاک؛ هدایت هیدرولیکی خاک | ||
مراجع | ||
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