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تأثیر شوری و تلقیح میکروبی بر عملکرد و شاخصهای کارآیی فسفر در گیاه ذرت | ||
تحقیقات کاربردی خاک | ||
مقاله 12، دوره 7، شماره 1، خرداد 1398، صفحه 148-165 اصل مقاله (1001.16 K) | ||
نوع مقاله: مقاله پژوهشی | ||
نویسندگان | ||
محسن برین* 1؛ میرحسن رسولی صدقیانی2؛ ساناز اشرفی سعیدلو3؛ فاطمه شکوری4 | ||
1استادیار | ||
2استاد گروه علوم خاک دانشگاه ارومیه | ||
3دانشجوی دکتری گروه علوم خاک دانشگاه ارومیه | ||
4دانشجوی کارشناسی ارشد گروه علوم خاک دانشگاه ارومیه | ||
چکیده | ||
در این مطالعه، به منظور بررسی تأثیر شوری بر عملکرد، شاخصهای کارآیی فسفر و غلظت برخی از عناصر در ماده خشک ریشه و اندام هوایی گیاه ذرت (Zea mays L.) و نیز ارزیابی کارآیی ریزجانداران حلکننده فسفات و میکوریزها در تعدیل اثرات تنش شوری بر گیاه، آزمایشی به صورت فاکتوریل در قالب طرح بلوکهای کامل تصادفی در شرایط گلخانهای اجرا گردید. فاکتور اول شامل شوری در 2 سطح (بدون شوری (شاهد) و با شوری 5/4 دسی زیمنس بر متر) و فاکتور دوم تلقیح میکروبی با 7 سطح مختلف شامل شاهد (بدون تلقیح)، تغذیه با فسفر محلول (KH2PO4)، تلقیح میکوریزی (M, Glomus)، تلقیح باکتریهای حلکننده فسفات ((PSB, Pseudomonas fluorescent ، تلقیح قارچهای حلکننده فسفات PSF, Aspergillus niger))، تلقیح تلفیقی میکوریز و باکتری (MB) و تلقیح تلفیقی میکوریز و قارچ (MF) بود. در پایان دوره رشد، برخی شاخصهای رشد گیاه و غلظت عناصر غذایی در اندام هوایی گیاه اندازهگیری شده و شاخصهای کارآیی فسفر محاسبه گردید. نتایج حاکی از تأثیر معنیدار سطوح شوری بر تمام صفات اندازهگیری شده غیر از غلظت روی بود. بیشترین مقادیر ارتفاع اندام هوایی (89/78 سانتیمتر) و قطر ساقه (02/1سانتیمتر) در تیمار فسفر محلول مشاهده گردید. همچنین نتایج، افزایش معنیدار در مقدار فسفر، آهن، روی، مس، منگنز، ارتفاع اندام هوایی و قطر ساقه را در گیاهان تلقیح شده با میکوریز و باکتری و نیز در شرایط تلقیح توام میکوریز-ریزجانداران حلکننده فسفات در مقایسه با گیاهان شاهد بدون تلقیح، نشان داد. تلقیح با تیمارهای میکوریز و باکتری، ارتفاع اندام هوایی را به ترتیب 90/1و 20/1 برابر نسبت به شاهد افزایش دادند. همچنین تیمارهای تلقیح قارچی و میکوریزی، مقدار روی اندام هوایی را به ترتیب 98/40 و 65/85 درصد در مقایسه با تیمار شاهد افزایش دادند. چنین استنباط میشود که تلقیح میکروبی از طریق تأثیر بر جذب عناصر غذایی، مقاومت گیاه ذرت را در شرایط وجود تنش شوری افزایش میدهد. | ||
کلیدواژهها | ||
تلقیح میکروبی؛ فسفر کارآیی؛ عناصر غذایی؛ شوری؛ ذرت | ||
مراجع | ||
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