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ارزیابی آلایندگی و خطرات سلامتی برخی از فلزات سنگین در گرد و غبار مرکز شهر زنجان | ||
تحقیقات کاربردی خاک | ||
دوره 12، شماره 2، شهریور 1403، صفحه 18-30 اصل مقاله (743.92 K) | ||
نوع مقاله: مقاله پژوهشی | ||
نویسندگان | ||
بهنام پرداختی1؛ حسین پیرخراطی* 2؛ فرخ اسدزاده3 | ||
1زمین شناسی زیست محیطی، گروه زمین شناسی، دانشکده علوم، دانشگاه ارومیه | ||
2دانشگاه ارومیه | ||
3عضو هیات علمی گروه مهندسی علوم خاک دانشگاه ارومیه | ||
چکیده | ||
در دهههای اخیر آلودگی با منشأ صنعتی به عنوان اصلیترین عامل تخریب محیط زیست محسوب میشود. به همین منظور هدف از این مطالعه، بررسی آلایندگی و خطرات سلامتی فلزات سنگین سرب، روی، کادمیوم و آرسنیک در گرد و غبار شهر زنجان که با صنایع ذوب و پالایش فلزات سنگین احاطه شده، میباشد. نمونهبرداری از گرد و غبار 5 ناحیه از مرکز شهر زنجان صورت گرفت و پس از آماده سازی نمونهها به دستگاه ICP-MS تزریق شد. نتایج غلظت فلزات سنگین با استفاده از شاخصهای آلودگی، ریسک اکولوژیک و شاخصهای سرطانزایی و غیر سرطانزایی مورد ارزیابی قرار گرفت. فصل بهار بخصوص از منظر غلظت روی (003/0 میلیگرم بر کیلوگرم) و سپس سرب (4-10×4 میلیگرم بر کیلوگرم) و کادمیوم (5-10×6 میلیگرم بر کیلوگرم) در وضعیت نامطلوبی قرار داشت و در فصل زمستان غلظت آرسنیک (5-10×4 میلی گرم بر کیلوگرم) بالاتر بود. در فصل بهار آرسنیک (6/19) و روی (12) غنیشدگی بیشتری نشان داده و در مجموع شاخص غنیشدگی آرسنیک (میانگین سالانه 8/11) بالاترین غنیشدگی را نشان داد. در تمام فصول، کادمیوم و سرب غنیشدگی کم تا متوسط داشتند. شاخص درجهی آلودگی در فصل بهار بالا (1/4) و در سایر فصلها در وضعیت کم تا متوسط آلودگی قرار داشت. کودکان با خطر سرطانزایی 6-10×4/1 بیشتر از بزرگسالان در معرض خطر بودند. بخصوص خطر بلع ذرات آلوده به روی بالاتر بود. نتایج بدست آمده از شاخصهای آلودگی و خطرات سلامتی، نشان داد که منبع آلودگی فلزات مورد مطالعه، فعالیتهای انسانزاد از قبیل فعالیتهای صنعتی اطراف شهر زنجان، ترافیک، تاسیسات صنعتی و سوختن سوختهای فسیلی است. | ||
کلیدواژهها | ||
شهر زنجان؛ فلزات سنگین؛ گرد و غبار؛ خطر سرطانزایی | ||
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