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ارزیابی کمی کیفیت خاک در کاربریها و شیبهای مختلف در حوزه آبخیز بابلرود، جنوب استان مازندران | ||
تحقیقات کاربردی خاک | ||
دوره 11، شماره 2، شهریور 1402، صفحه 95-112 اصل مقاله (1.59 M) | ||
نوع مقاله: مقاله پژوهشی | ||
شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.30466/asr.2023.121368 | ||
نویسندگان | ||
فاطمه آقالری1؛ الهام چاوشی* 2؛ ستار چاوشی بروجنی3؛ ناصر هنرجو4؛ احمد جلالیان5 | ||
1دانشجوی دکتری گروه علوم خاک، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی واحد اصفهان (خوراسگان)، | ||
2گروه علوم خاک، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی واحد اصفهان(خوراسگان)، اصفهان، ایران | ||
3استادیار بخش تحقیقات حفاظت خاک و آبخیزداری، مرکز تحقیقات و آموزش کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی استان اصفهان | ||
4دانشیار گروه علوم خاک، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی واحد اصفهان (خوراسگان)، اصفهان، ایران | ||
5استاد گروه علوم خاک، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی واحد اصفهان (خوراسگان)، اصفهان، ایران | ||
چکیده | ||
کیفیت خاک تحت تأثیر کاربری اراضی و درجه شیب قرار میگیرد و ارزیابی آن نقش مهمی در توسعه پایدار و مدیریت منابع خاک دارد. این پژوهش به منظور ارزیابی کیفیت خاک در کاربریها و شیبهای مختلف در حوزه آبخیز بابلرود در جنوب استان مازندران انجام شد. فاکتورهای مورد مطالعه شامل کاربری اراضی در پنج سطح (جنگل طبیعی، مرتع، شالیزار، باغ مرکبات و اراضی زراعی) و کلاس شیب در پنج سطح (0-2، 2-5، 5-8، 8-12 و شیب بالای 12درصد) میباشند. 89 نقطه نمونهبرداری تعیین و نمونهبرداری از عمق صفر تا 20 سانتیمتری خاک انجام شد. هفده ویژگی خاک شامل قابلیت هدایت الکتریکی، اسیدیته، کربن آلی، نیتروژن کل، درصد شن، سیلت و رس، تخلخل، میانگین وزنی و هندسی قطر خاکدانه، درصد خاکدانههای درشت و ریز، درصد آهک، رس قابل پراکنش در آب، کربن آلی ذرهای، کربن آلی عجینشده با بخش معدنی و ذخیره کربن آلی بهعنوان مجموعه کل ویژگیها (TDS) در نظر گرفته شدند. سپس با استفاده از روش تجزیه به مؤلفههای اصلی (PCA) پنج ویژگی ذخیره کربن آلی، درصد خاکدانههای درشت، قابلیت هدایت الکتریکی، درصد سیلت و رس بهعنوان حداقل ویژگیهای مؤثر (MDS) انتخاب شدند. در ادامه کیفیت خاک با استفاده از دو شاخص کیفیت تجمعی (SQIa) و کیفیت وزندار ((SQIw و هر کدام در دو مجموعه TDS و MDS به دو روش خطی و غیرخطی ارزیابی شدند. نتایج هشت شاخص کیفیت خاک نشان داد جنگل با درجه خوب و خیلی خوب دارای بهترین کیفیت و شالیزار دارای ضعیفترین کیفیت خاک است. در بین شاخصهای ارزیابیشده، تنها شاخص SQIw-TDS-NL، کاهش کیفیت خاک با افزایش درجه شیب را نشان داد. وجود ضرائب تبیین 82/0 و 89/0 بین دو مجموعه MDS و TDS بهترتیب در SQIaو SQIw به روش غیرخطی، نشاندهنده امکان استفاده از MDS بجای TDS در منطقه مطالعاتی است. همچنین با توجه به ضریب همبستگی 85/0 بین ذخیره کربن آلی و SQIw-MDS-NL، شاخصSQIw-MDS-NL برای ارزیابی کیفیت خاک منطقه پیشنهاد میگردد. | ||
کلیدواژهها | ||
کیفیت تجمعی؛ کیفیت وزندهی شده؛ حداقل دادههای مؤثر؛ تجزیه به مؤلفههای اصلی | ||
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آمار تعداد مشاهده مقاله: 806 تعداد دریافت فایل اصل مقاله: 476 |