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پیشبینی توزیع مکانی ماده آلی و نیتروژن خاک در اراضی تحت آبیاری (مطالعه موردی: دشت آبسرد – دماوند استان تهران) | ||
تحقیقات کاربردی خاک | ||
دوره 10، شماره 4، اسفند 1401، صفحه 120-135 اصل مقاله (790.35 K) | ||
نوع مقاله: مقاله پژوهشی | ||
نویسندگان | ||
سیده انسیه فرامرزی1؛ ابراهیم پذیرا2؛ محمدحسن مسیح آبادی* 3؛ علی محمدی ترکاشوند4؛ بهارک معتمدوزیری5 | ||
1دانشجوی دکتری گروه علوم خاک، دانشکده علوم کشاورزی و صنایع غذایی، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی واحد علوم و تحقیقات، تهران، ایران. | ||
2استاد گروه علوم خاک، دانشکده علوم کشاورزی و صنایع غذایی، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی واحد علوم و تحقیقات، تهران، ایران. | ||
3استادیار گروه علوم خاک، دانشکده علوم کشاورزی و صنایع غذایی، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، واحد علوم و تحقیقات، تهران، ایران. | ||
4دانشیاردانشیار گروه علوم خاک، دانشکده علوم کشاورزی و صنایع غذایی، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، واحد علوم و تحقیقات، تهران، ایران. | ||
5استادیار گروه آبخیزداری، دانشکده منابع طبیعی، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی واحد علوم و تحقیقات، تهران، ایران | ||
چکیده | ||
پژوهش حاضر با هدف بررسی منشأ و پتانسیل خطر زیست محیطی فلزات سنگین (شامل آرسنیک (As)، کادمیم (Cd)، سرب (Pb)، نیکل (Ni)، روی (Zn) و مس (Cu)) خاک اراضی با کاربریهای مختلف در غرب اراک، استان مرکزی صورت گرفت. تعداد 235 نمونه خاک سطحی از عمق صفر تا 5 سانتیمتری جمعآوری شد که سهم کاربریهای کشاورزی، مرتع و صنعتی به ترتیب 160، 46 و 29 نمونه بود. تغییرات غلظت As، Pb، Zn، Ni، Cd و Cu در خاکها به ترتیب 2/357- 7/55، 256- 8/6، 85-2/13، 17-7/26، 65/3- 1/0 و 1/34- 1/5 میلیگرم بر کیلوگرم خاک بود. مقایسه میانگین غلظت فلزات در کاربریهای مختلف نشان از تأثیر یکسان کاربری اراضی بر تجمع و غلظت As، Pb، Zn و Cu دارد، ولی در مورد Ni و Cd بیان کننده تأثیر متفاوت کاربری اراضی بر تجمع این فلزات است. هنگامی که متوسط مقدار پوسته زمین (Crust) به عنوان زمینه مرجع مورد استفاده قرار گرفت مقادیر Cf آرسنیک در همه کاربریها بالاتر از سایر فلزات به دست آمد که نشان دهنده آلودگی زیاد خاکهای منطقه است. شاخص بار آلودگی (PLI) نیز در کاربریهای اراضی به صورت کشاورزی (39/2) < مرتع (4/2) < صنعتی (3) بود که بیان کننده آلودگی و روند تدریجی تخریب خاک در اثر آلودگی فلزات سنگین است. میانگین PER بر اساس GB مرجع و محلی به ترتیب سطح آلودگی خیلی زباد و کم را در همه کاربریها نشان دادند. تجزیه به مؤلفههای اصلی (PCA) نشان داد Pb و Zn دارای منابع انسانی مشترک در ارتباط با معدن کاری و فعالیتهای صنعتی هستند؛ در حالیکه Cu و Ni احتمالاً ارتباط با زمین شناسی منطقه دارند. Cd نیز اساسأ به فعالیتهای کشاورزی و صنعتی مرتبط است و منشأ As را میتوان به عوامل طبیعی، گازهای صنعتی، معدن کاری، علفکشها و استفاده از کودهای مرغی و غبارات اتمسفری نسبت داد. | ||
کلیدواژهها | ||
شاخص استاندارد شده بازتابش طیفی؛ لندست 8؛ ماده آلی خاک؛ نیتروژن خاک | ||
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