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بررسی انباشت عناصر سنگین و شاخصهای کیفی رسوبات در سد کلان ملایر | ||
تحقیقات کاربردی خاک | ||
دوره 9، شماره 2، شهریور 1400، صفحه 130-149 اصل مقاله (1.07 M) | ||
نوع مقاله: مقاله پژوهشی | ||
نویسندگان | ||
هاجر مریخ پور1؛ بهاره لرستانی* 2؛ مهرداد چراغی3 | ||
1استادیار علوم خاک، گروه کشاورزی، دانشگاه سید جمال الدین اسدآبادی، اسدآباد، ایران | ||
2گروه محیط زیست، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی واحد همدان، همدان، ایران | ||
3دانشیار گروه محیط زیست، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی واحد همدان، همدان، ایران | ||
چکیده | ||
رسوبات یکی از مهمترین منابع در بررسی تاریخچه آلودگیهای یک بوم سازگان آبی میباشند و به عنوان یک مخزن و حامل برای آلایندهها در محیطهای آبی عمل میکنند. هدف از این تحقیق ارزیابی درجه آلودگی عناصر سنگین در سد کلان ملایر و بررسی کیفیت آن براساس سه شاخص تعیین کیفیت رسوب بود. در این مطالعه، عناصر سنگین مانند آرسنیک، کادمیم، کروم، مس، منگنز، جیوه، نیکل و روی در 12 ایستگاه از رسوبات بستر رودخانه و دریاچه سد اندازهگیری شدند. سپس، کیفیت رسوبات توسط شاخص زمینانباشت، شاخص آلودگی و فاکتور غنیشدگی تعیین شد. بیشترین مقادیر شاخص آلودگی به ترتیب به آرسنیک (520/2)، نیکل (225/1) و جیوه (138/1) اختصاص داشت. نتایج برآورد شاخصها نشان داد بیشترین مقدار مربوط به عناصر آرسنیک، نیکل و جیوه در ایستگاههای 9 تا 12 بود. آنالیز مؤلفه اصلی دادههای بدست آمده را تائید کرد و دو مؤلفه بیش از 85 درصد واریانس را به خود اختصاص داده و مقدار ارزش ویژه بیشتر از واحد داشت. تمام عناصر سنگین بررسی شده (به جز منگنز) وابستگی مثبتی با یکدیگر داشتند. با توجه به موقعیت ایستگاههای 9 تا 12 که در نزدیکی مزارع کشاورزی قرار دارند، بالا بودن میزان غلظت برخی عناصر سنگین در این ایستگاهها را میتوان ناشی از منابع انسانی و طبیعی همچون استفاده بیش از حد از نهادههای کشاورزی، کاربرد سموم و کود شیمیایی و ورود زهآبهای اراضی زراعی نسبت داد. | ||
کلیدواژهها | ||
آلودگی؛ رسوب؛ زمینانباشت؛ غنیشدگی؛ فلزات سنگین | ||
مراجع | ||
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