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ارزیابی تأثیر کوتاه مدت گیاهان پوششی یولاف و خلر در بهبود برخی از ویژگیهای منتخب خاک | ||
تحقیقات کاربردی خاک | ||
دوره 9، شماره 1، خرداد 1400، صفحه 72-87 اصل مقاله (1011.53 K) | ||
نوع مقاله: مقاله پژوهشی | ||
نویسندگان | ||
فاطمه احمدنیا* 1؛ علی عبادی2؛ مسعود هاشمی3؛ اکبر قویدل4؛ صغری قهرمانی5 | ||
1دانشجوی دکتری فیزیولوژی گیاهان زراعی،دانشکده کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی، دانشگاه محقق اردبیلی، اردبیل، ایران | ||
2استاد، فیزیولوژی گیاهان زراعی، دانشکده کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی، دانشگاه محقق اردبیلی، اردبیل، ایران. | ||
3استاد،گروه علوم خاک، دانشکده کشاورزی استاک بریج، دانشگاه ماساچوست ، ماساچوست، آمریکا | ||
4بیولوژی و بیوتکنولوژی خاک، دانشکده کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی، دانشگاه محقق اردبیلی، اردبیل، ایران | ||
5دانشجوی دکتری اکولوژی گیاهان زراعی، دانشکده کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی، دانشگاه محقق اردبیلی، اردبیل، ایران | ||
چکیده | ||
استفاده مداوم از سیستمهای تککشتی و خاکورزی بیش از حد، خاکهای کشاورزی را در بسیاری از مناطق ایران تخریب کرده است. تأثیر کوتاهمدت گیاهان پوششی روی ویژگیهای منتخب خاک در یک مطالعه مزرعهای در سال 1397 مورد بررسی قرار گرفت. آزمایش به صورت بلوکهای کامل تصادفی با سه تکرار انجام شد. چهار تیمار آزمایشی شامل، تککشتی یولاف، تککشتی خلر، کشت مخلوط آنها و کنترل بدون گیاه پوششی بود. بالاترین و کمترین زیستتوده اندام هوایی 13/198 و 06/124 گرم در مترمربع بود و بهترتیب از کشت مخلوط و تککشتی خلر بهدست آمد. زیستتوده بالا منجر به سرکوب علفهای هرز در مقایسه با کنترل شد. وزن خشک علفهای هرز بهترتیب بهمیزان 04/33 و 12/41 درصد در تککشتی یولاف و کشت مخلوط کاهش یافت. بالاترین میزان کربن آلی خاک (21/1 درصد) و بیشترین جمعیت میکروبی (105×5/6 تعداد در گرم) از تیمار آزمایشی کشت مخلوط بهدست آمد. کشت مخلوط، تککشتی یولاف و تککشتی خلر بهترتیب 53/51، 72/50 و 11/49 درصد فشردگی خاک را کاهش دادند. با این حال، جرم مخصوص ظاهری خاک، تخلخل خاک و میزان نفوذ آب تحت تأثیر گیاهان پوششی قرار نگرفت. نتایج به دست آمده در این مطالعه نشان داد که تغییرات کوتاه مدت در برخی از ویژگیهای خاک مرتبط با زیستتوده و گونههای گیاهان پوششی است. به طور کلی، ترکیبی از گیاهان پوششی بر تغییر ویژگیهای خاک تأثیر بیشتری داشت. | ||
کلیدواژهها | ||
ترسیب کربن؛ جمعیت میکروبی؛ زیستتوده؛ سلامت خاک؛ فشردگی خاک | ||
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