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تاثیر آتشسوزی بر ویژگیهای فیزیکی خاک در کاربریهای مرتع، کشاورزی و جنگل در استان گلستان | ||
تحقیقات کاربردی خاک | ||
دوره 9، شماره 1، خرداد 1400، صفحه 1-13 اصل مقاله (676.43 K) | ||
نوع مقاله: مقاله پژوهشی | ||
نویسندگان | ||
لیلی نیکنام1؛ حجت امامی* 2؛ رضا خراسانی2 | ||
1گروه علوم خاک، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه فردوسی مشهد | ||
2دانشگاه فردوسی مشهد | ||
چکیده | ||
آتشسوزی تأثیرات چشمگیری بر پوشش گیاهی و ساختمان خاک دارد. هدف این پژوهش، مطالعه تاثیر آتشسوزی بر برخی ویژگیهای فیزیکی خاک در سه کاربری (کشاورزی، جنگل و مرتع)، واقع در استان گلستان بود. بدین منظور، کاربریهای جنگل و کشاورزی در شهرستان گرگان و مرتع در شهرستان کلاله که دچار آتشسوزی شده بودند، انتخاب شدند. نمونهبرداری از سه عمق سطحی (صفر تا 5 سانتیمتر) و زیرسطحی (15-5 و 30-15 سانتیمتر)، در سه تکرار انجام شد. همچنین، از خاک شاهد (آتشسوزی نشده) مجاور هر کاربری به طور مشابه از سه عمق و سه تکرار نمونه برداری شد. برای بررسی تفاوت ویژگیهای اندازهگیری شده در خاک تحت آتشسوزی و خاک منطقه شاهد بدون آتشسوزی، از آزمون t مستقل در سطح 5 درصد استفاده شد. نتایج نشان داد که مقدار رس، میانگین وزنی قطر خاکدانهها، تخلخل، گنجایش هوایی، شاخص پایداری ساختمان خاک، شاخص S دکستر و کربن آلی در اثر آتشسوزی به ترتیب در لایه 5-0 سانتیمتری تحت آتشسوزی، نسبت به خاک شاهد به طور معنیداری کاهش نشان دادند. به طوری که به ترتیب در کاربری جنگل، مرتع و کشاورزی، مقدار رس 24، 11 و 6، میانگین وزنی قطر خاکدانهها 47، 9/41 و 4/7، تخلخل 10، 8 و 9، گنجایش هوایی 6/34، 4/21 و 3/27، شاخص پایداری ساختمان خاک 6/25، 4/7 و 3/11، شاخص S دکستر 7/19، 4/15 و 3/7 و کربن آلی 8، 6/9 و 7/13 درصد کاهش یافت، در حالی که در لایههای زیرسطحی خاک میزان کاهش معنیدار نبود. همچنین، جرم مخصوص ظاهری در خاک تحت آتشسوزی نسبت به خاک شاهد به طور معنیداری در سطح 5 درصد در عمق 5-0 سانتیمتر در کاربری جنگل، مرتع و کشاورزی به ترتیب 11، 8 و 6 درصد افزایش یافت و در لایههای زیرسطحی معنیدار نبود. | ||
کلیدواژهها | ||
آتشسوزی؛ شاخص S؛ شاخص پایداری ساختمان؛ تخلخل تهویهای | ||
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