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شبیهسازی عددی توزیع رطوبت در خاکهای مختلف تحت تاثیر مالچ و آب زیرزمینی شور و کمعمق | ||
تحقیقات کاربردی خاک | ||
مقاله 5، دوره 8، شماره 3، آذر 1399، صفحه 172-187 اصل مقاله (990.24 K) | ||
نوع مقاله: مقاله پژوهشی | ||
نویسندگان | ||
اشکان یوسفی1؛ احمد فرخیان فیروزی* 2؛ میلاد امین زاده3 | ||
1علوم و مهندسی خاک، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه شهید چمران اهواز، اهواز، ایران | ||
2دانشگاه شهید چمران اهواز | ||
3گروه مهندسی محیط زیست، دانشکده مهندسی عمران، دانشگاه صنعتی اصفهان، اصفهان، ایران. | ||
چکیده | ||
این پژوهش با هدف بررسی تأثیر مالچ کاه و کلش بر روی توزیع رطوبت در نیمرخ خاک و شبیهسازی جریان آب در خاک تحت تأثیر آب زیرزمینی و شور، با استفاده از نرمافزار HYDRUS-1D انجام شد. بدین منظور، آزمایش لایسیمتری در دو خاک با بافتهای شنی و لوم با سه سطح مختلف شوری آب زیرزمینی شامل 5، 10 و 15 دسیزیمنس بر متر، با و بدون پوشش مالچ و در سه تکرار، در بازه زمانی 3 ماهه انجام شد. مقدار رطوبت بهوسیله دستگاه TDR در عمقهای 5، 10، 20، 30 و 50 سانتیمتر اندازهگیری و همچنین مقدار تبخیر با استفاده از سیستم بطری ماریوت، بهصورت روزانه محاسبه گردید. نتایج نشان داد که پوشش مالچ، به ترتیب منجر به نگهداشت 15 و 20 درصدی رطوبت در لایه سطحی و کاهش تبخیر 27 و 8 درصدی به ترتیب در خاک لوم و شنی شد. در این مطالعه، بین دادههای رطوبت اندازهگیری و شبیهسازیشده با نرمافزار HYDRUS-1D، همبستگی 97/0-89/0 برای خاک لوم و همبستگی 96/0-90/0 برای خاک شنی بهدست آمد. علاوه بر این، مدل HYDRUS-1D، مقدار رطوبت را با میانگین جذر مربعات خطا (RMSE) cm-3 cm3 0489/0- 0121/0و cm3 cm-30521/0- 0129/0 بهترتیب برای خاک لوم و خاک شنی شبیهسازی نمود. مقایسه نتایج شبیهسازی با اندازهگیریهای بهدستآمده نشان داد که رطوبت شبیهسازیشده در لایههای نزدیک به سطح ایستابی، در همه تیمارها بیش از مقدار اندازهگیری برآورد شده است. | ||
کلیدواژهها | ||
سطح آب زیرزمینی؛ شوری؛ رطوبت؛ مالچ؛ HYDRUS-1D | ||
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