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اثر کلاتهای آهن و روش کاربرد آنها بر وضعیت تغذیهای آهن گیاه لوبیا (Phaseolus vulgaris) در یک خاک آهکی | ||
تحقیقات کاربردی خاک | ||
مقاله 1، دوره 8، شماره 3، آذر 1399، صفحه 109-128 اصل مقاله (1.02 M) | ||
نوع مقاله: مقاله پژوهشی | ||
نویسندگان | ||
آتنا میربلوک1؛ میرحسن رسولی صدقیانی* 2؛ ابراهیم سپهر2؛ امیر لکزیان3؛ محمد حکیمی4 | ||
1دانشگاه فردوسی مشهدو دانشکده کشاورزی، بخش آموزش | ||
2دانشگاه ارومیه | ||
3گروه علوم خاک-دانشگاه فردوسی مشهد | ||
4گروه شیمی-دانشگاه پیام نور مشهد | ||
چکیده | ||
شناسایی و ساخت کلاتهای آلی نوین آهن با کارآیی بیشتر نسبت به کلاتهای سنتزی رایج، برای بهبود وضعیت تغذیهای آهن در خاکهای آهکی ایران، ضروری به نظر میرسد. در این پژوهش، ابتدا کلاتهای اسیدآمینه تیروزین- آهن (Fe-Tyr) و کیتوسان هیدرولیز شده اسیدی- آهن (Fe-Chi) با روشهای آزمایشگاهی ساخته و سپس برخی از ویژگیهای آنها شناسایی شد. آزمایشی گلخانهای به صورت فاکتوریل، در قالب طرح کاملاً تصادفی، با سه تکرار طراحی شد. فاکتورهای آن شامل سه نوع کلات آهن، Fe-Chi، Fe-Tyr و Fe-EDDHA (شاهد) و سه روش مصرف خاکی، کود آبیاری و محلولپاشی بر روی گیاه لوبیا بودند. گیاهان تا تولید دانه رشد کردند و برخی پارامترهای رشدی گیاه و مقدار آهن کل در شاخسار و ریشه تعیین و فعالیت آنزیمهای FCR (Ferric Chelate Reductase) ریشه و برگ اندازهگیری شدند. نتایج دادههای آزمایشگاهی و نظری نشان دادند که بین اسید آمینه تیروزین و کیتوسان به عنوان لیگاند و فلز آهن، کمپلکس تشکیل شده است. نتایج نشان دادند که بیشترین وزن خشک شاخسار گیاه در روش مصرف خاکی Fe-Chi و کود آبیاری Fe-Tyr مشاهده شد. همچنین، مصرف کود آبیاری Fe-Chi، وزن خشک ریشه را نسبت به شاهد به طور معنیداری افزایش داد. بیشترین مقدار آهن کل (3/10 میلی گرم در گلدان) با کاربرد Fe-Chi به صورت مصرف خاکی در شاخسار گیاه لوبیا مشاهده شد که نسبت به Fe-EDDHA، 36 درصد جذب آهن بیشتری را نشان داد. رابطه متقابل مثبت و معنیداری بین وزن خشک شاخسار و مقدار آهن و نیتروژن در شاخسار گیاه لوبیا مشاهده شد. کاربرد خاکی Fe-Chi و کود آبیاری Fe-Tyr، بیشترین میاتگین فعالیت FCR ریشه را نشان دادند. در روشهای محلولپاشی و کود آبیاری Fe-Tyr، فعالیت FCR برگ تا روز40ام از شروع آزمایش روند صعودی داشت. مصرف خاکی کلات Fe-Chi و محلولپاشی Fe-Tyr در طول دوره رشد گیاه، وضعیت تغذیهای آهن را در گیاه لوبیا را بهبود بخشید. | ||
کلیدواژهها | ||
اسیدآمینه؛ کلات؛ کیتوسان؛ محلولپاشی؛ مصرف خاکی | ||
مراجع | ||
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