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بررسی اثر پلیمر پلیوینیلاستات، زغال زیستی اسیدی و هیدروژل سلولز کاه گندم بر ظرفیت نگهداشت آب در خاک شنی | ||
تحقیقات کاربردی خاک | ||
مقاله 3، دوره 8، شماره 3، آذر 1399، صفحه 144-159 اصل مقاله (1.07 M) | ||
نوع مقاله: مقاله پژوهشی | ||
نویسندگان | ||
فاطمه نورعلی وند1؛ احمد فرخیان فیروزی* 2 | ||
1گروه علوم و مهندسی خاک، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه شهید چمران اهواز، اهواز، ایران. | ||
2دانشگاه شهید چمران اهواز | ||
چکیده | ||
بحران خشکسالی، ضرورت صرفهجویی و کاربرد بهینه آب را در بخش کشاورزی بیش از پیش نشان میدهد. یکی از راهکارهای استفاده بهینه از منابع آب و حفظ آن کاربرد مواد آلی و جاذبهای طبیعی و مصنوعی است. هدف از انجام این پژوهش بررسی اثر پلیمر پلیوینیلاستات، زغال زیستی کاه گندم و هیدروژل سلولز کاه گندم بر نگهداشت رطوبت ( در مکشهای 33، 100، 300، 500 و 1500 کیلوپاسکال)، جرم ویژه ظاهری، پایداری خاکدانهها و مقدار کربن آلی خاک شنی بود. بدین منظور آزمایش فاکتوریل در قالب طرح کاملاً تصادفی در سه تکرار اجرا شد. خاک شنی از کانون گرد و غبار جنوب شرق اهواز نمونهبرداری شد. فاکتورها شامل (1) نوع اصلاح کننده (پلیمر پلیوینیلاستات، هیدروژل کاه گندم و زغال زیستی کاه گندم)، (2) غلظت اصلاح کننده (پلیمر پلیوینیلاستات: پنج و 10 گرم بر لیتر، زغال زیستی و هیدروژل سلولز: یک و سه درصد وزنی و (3) زمان (21، 42، 63 و 126 روز) بودند. نتایج نشان داد که تمام تیمارهای آزمایشی مقدار نگهداشت رطوبت خاک را در همهی مکشها بصورت معنیدار (01/0p<) افزایش داد. افزودن مواد اصلاح کننده جرم ویژه ظاهری را کاهش و پایداری خاکدانه و کربن آلی را افزایش داد. کمترین مقدار جرم ویژه ظاهری در تیمارهای هیدروژل و زغال زیستی در زمان 126 روز و در تیمار پلیمر پلیوینیلاستات در زمان 21 روز مشاهده شد. بیشترین مقدار کربن آلی و پایداری خاکدانه در تیمار هیدروژل در زمان 126 روز مشاهده شد. در تیمار هیدروژل با گذشت زمان، پایداری خاکدانه و نگهداشت رطوبت افزایش یافت. اما نگهداشت رطوبت تیمار پلیمر پلیوینیلاستات با گذشت زمان کاهش یافت. بیوپلیمر جاذب رطوبت جایگزین مناسبی برای پلیمرهای سوپر جاذب مصنوعی است؛ زیرا علاوه بر افزایش نگهداشت رطوبت و مواد آلی خاک سبب افزایش پایداری خاکدانهها نیز گردید. | ||
کلیدواژهها | ||
بیوپولیمر؛ پلیمر سنتز شده؛ خاک شنی؛ ساختمان خاک؛ نگهداشت آب | ||
مراجع | ||
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