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کاربرد روشهای آماری چندمتغیره در ارزیابی شاخصهای کیفیت خاک در منطقه نیمهخشک لردگان | ||
تحقیقات کاربردی خاک | ||
مقاله 15، دوره 7، شماره 3، آذر 1398، صفحه 192-206 اصل مقاله (904.2 K) | ||
نوع مقاله: مقاله پژوهشی | ||
نویسندگان | ||
الهام علی دوست* ؛ مجید افیونی؛ محمدعلی حاج عباسی؛ محمدرضا مصدقی | ||
گروه خاکشناسی، دانشکده مهندسی کشاورزی، دانشگاه صنعتی اصفهان، اصفهان، ایران | ||
چکیده | ||
کیفیت خاک تحت تاثیر نوع کاربری و مدیریت زمین است. ارزیابی وضعیت کیفی خاک، راهنمای مناسبی برای اتخاذ روش-های مدیریت پایدار و پیشگیری از تخریب این ماده حیاتی میباشد. هدف این پژوهش تبیین تغییرات ویژگیهای خاک در کاربریهای مختلف و تعیین مهمترین شاخصهای ارزیابی کیفیت خاک بود. بدین منظور در مجموع 50 نمونه خاک از چهار کاربری جنگل، مرتع، دیمزار و کشت آبی از حوضه آبخیز لردگان جمعآوری شد. سپس ویژگیهای خاک شامل جرم مخصوص ظاهری، اجزای بافت، کربنات کلسیم معادل، ظرفیت تبادل کاتیونی، pH، هدایت الکتریکی، کربن آلی، نیتروژن کل، نسبت کربن به نیتروژن، تنفس پایه میکروبی و میانگین وزنی قطر خاکدانهها اندازهگیری شدند. همچنین میانگین دمای ماهانه و بارش سالیانه و نیز ارتفاع و شیب نقاط نمونهبرداری تعیین گردید. نتایج تجزیه به مولفههای اصلی نشان داد که شاخصهای کربن آلی، درصد شن، بارندگی سالیانه و ارتفاع، مهمترین عوامل ایجاد کننده تغییرات در خاکهای منطقه بوده است. این تحلیل توانست با ایجاد 5 مولفه اصلی، 81 درصد از تغییرات ویژگیهای خاکهای منطقه را به خوبی تبیین نماید. همچنین تحلیل تشخیص به خوبی توانست انواع کاربریها را با استفاده از مجموعهای از ویژگیهای منتخب، از یکدیگر متمایز نماید. مقدار طبقهبندی صحیح در این تحلیل 94 درصد بود. نتایج این پژوهش بر قابلیت کاربرد روشهای آماری چندمتغیره در بررسی کیفیت خاکها تاکید دارد. بررسی جداگانه هر یک از شاخصهای منتخب، دلالت بر کیفیت خوب خاکهای جنگلی نسبت به سایر کاربریها داشت و دیمزارها، وضعیت کیفی نامناسبی داشتند. بنابراین مدیریت پایدار منطقه، مستلزم پیشگیری از تغییر کاربری اراضی و احیای اراضی تخریبشده به منظور ارتقای کیفیت خاک است. | ||
کلیدواژهها | ||
کاربری اراضی؛ کربن آلی خاک؛ تجزیه به مولفه های اصلی؛ تحلیل تشخیص | ||
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