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بررسی اثر باکتریهای حل کننده فسفات بر توزیع شکلهای فسفر در یک خاک آهکی | ||
تحقیقات کاربردی خاک | ||
مقاله 6، دوره 7، شماره 2، شهریور 1398، صفحه 67-81 اصل مقاله (530.4 K) | ||
نوع مقاله: مقاله پژوهشی | ||
نویسندگان | ||
ندا مرادی* 1؛ میرحسن رسولی صدقیانی2 | ||
1گروه علوم و مهندسی خاک، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه شهید چمران اهواز، اهواز، ایران. | ||
2دانشگاه ارومیه | ||
چکیده | ||
شناخت توزیع شکلهای مختلف فسفر تحت تأثیر ریزجانداران در گستره وسیعی از خاکها، برای درک بهتر از ظرفیت آنها در حفظ و تأمین فسفر برای گیاهان ضروری است. برای بررسی نقش باکتریهای حلکننده فسفات در توزیع شکلهای فسفر خاک، یک نمونه خاک زراعی سطحی (صفر تا 30 سانتیمتر) با بافت لوم، متعلق به زیرگروه Typic clacixerpts در استان آذربایجان غربی انتخاب شد. آزمایش بهصورت فاکتوریل در قالب طرح کاملاً تصادفی با دو فاکتور شامل مایهزنی باکتری در دو سطح (با و بدون سویههای سودوموناس (Pseudomonas fluorescens) و باسیلوس (Bacillus megaterium)) و زمان نمونهبرداری (صفر، 7، 21 و 45 روز) در شش تکرار اجرا شد. نمونههای خاک بهمدت 45 روز در انکوباتور در دمای ثابت 28 درجه سلیسیوس قرار داده شدند و سپس شکلهای مختلف فسفر معدنی، فسفر آلی و فسفر قابلاستفاده (Olsen-P) به روش عصارهگیری دنبالهای تعیین شدند. مقدار pH خاک 7/7، مقدار رس خاک مورد آزمایش 17درصد و کربنات کلسیم فعال در خاک 3/4 درصد بود. شکل آپاتیت (Ca10-P)، 45 درصد فسفر کل خاک را تشکیل داد و نشان دهندهی اهمیّت آن در خاکهای آهکی است. نتایج نشان داد که تیمار باکتری باعث تغییرات معنیداری در میزان فسفر قابل استفاده، فسفر آلی و فسفر معدنی شدند. فسفر قابل استفاده و فسفر آلی و شکل معدنی دیکلسیم فسفات (Ca2-P) در تیمار باکتری در مقایسه با تیمار شاهد بهترتیب 66، 15 و 92 درصد افزایش نشان دادند. اما شکلهای اکتاکلسیم فسفات (Ca8-P) و (Ca10-P) در تیمار باکتری بهترتیب با 13 و پنج درصد کاهش همراه بودند. مقدار شکلهای مختلف فسفر در تیمار باکتری، بهصورت O-P> Ca10-P > Ca8-P > Ca2-P > Al-P شکل آلی بود. همچنین شکل آلومینیوم فسفات (Al-P) در تیمار باکتری در مقایسه با شاهد، 10 درصد افزایش نشان داد. در تیمار باکتری همبستگی معنیداری) **84/0= r) بین فسفر (Olsen-P) و Ca2-P)، O-P و (Al-P در خاک وجود داشت. بهطورکلی نتایج نشان داد که تلقیح باکتریها سبب افزایش حلّالیت شکلهای قابل استفاده فسفر در خاک شد. | ||
کلیدواژهها | ||
باسیلوس؛ سودوموناس؛ فسفر قابل استفاده؛ عصارهگیری متوالی | ||
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